.WebsitePETRONAS, short for Petroliam Nasional Berhad (National Petroleum Limited), is a Malaysian and company that was founded on 17 August 1974. Wholly owned by the Government of Malaysia, the corporation is vested with the entire oil and gas resources in and is entrusted with the responsibility of developing and adding value to these resources. PETRONAS is ranked among 's largest corporations in the world. Fortune ranks PETRONAS as the 75th largest company in the world in 2013.
Fortune also ranks PETRONAS as the 8th most profitable company in the world and the most profitable in Asia.Since its incorporation, PETRONAS has grown to be an integrated international oil and gas company with business interests in 35 countries. As of the end of March 2005, the PETRONAS Group comprised 103 wholly owned subsidiaries, 19 partly owned outfits and 57 associated companies. Together, these companies make the PETRONAS Group, which is involved in various oil and gas based activities. Contents.History Before the formation of Malaysia, first began the oil exploration in,; after signed the first Oil Mining Lease in 1909. In 1910, the first oil well was drilled in Miri. This oil well is later known as the Grand Old Lady. In 1929, oil was discovered in.
There were no other drilling activities in or until 1950s. In 1966, the enactment of Petroleum Mining Act gave Exxon and Shell rights to explore oil territories and produce oil royalties and tax payments to the government.
In the late 1960s, Esso and were given concessions to explore oil off the shores of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. By 1974, Malaysia's output of crude oil stood at about 90,000 barrels per day (14,000 m 3/d) to 99,000 barrels per day (15,700 m 3/d). Setting up a state oil and gas company: 1970s Several factors converged in the early 1970s to prompt the Malaysian government into setting up a state oil and gas company.
In 1972, the oil price per barrel was US$1.50, which later raised to US$2.28 per barrel. War in the middle east and oil embargo by Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries had caused the price per barrel to rise until US$12.00, thus giving more incentives for Malaysia to set up her own oil company. Several countries such as, Egypt, and have adopted the instead of concession system for oil revenue distribution. Malaysian government also believed that foreign oil companies did not properly inform the government regarding the oil exploration activities in their respective concessions (such as new discovery of oil fields), thus resulted in loss of revenue to the government. The formulation of in early 1970s encourage Malaysians to take control of various modern industries and to open more economic opportunities for (Malaysian natives).Former chief minister of Sarawak, Tun was one of the first who proposed the idea of Malaysia setting up an oil company in 1971. It was due to the pressure of the Sarawak people who sought to clarify the exact boundaries of Sarawak territorial waters. In fact, since the formation of Malaysia in 1963, the issue of territorial waters of Sabah and Sarawak has not been fully addressed, thus leaving its interpretation wide open.
The Sarawak government has declared that the territorial waters extends well beyond the three mile limit defined by the Malaysian federal government. However, Abdul Rahman Ya'kub was reminded of 's act of installing him as the chief minister of Sarawak. Therefore, Rahman decided to keep the conflict as low profile as possible. Rahman's nephew, assumed the role of federal land and mines minister after Rahman became the chief minister of Sarawak. Taib believed in the sharing of oil royalties between the state and the federal government. During the time, the oil mining activities in Sarawak were still under exclusive control of Shell.
Taib Mahmud initially suggested to allow independent contractors to market government oil. Taib found a Lebanese trader to purchase the Malaysian oil, however the contractor defaulted on payments, resulting in US$4 million loss.
A government hydrocarbon committee was later set up. Taib Mahmud visited Indonesia and had a discussion with(Indonesian state owned oil and gas company). Taib suggested that Malaysia to scrap the concession system and replace it with. However, there was no laws that allow Malaysia to take back the concessions without paying compensations to foreign oil companies.
Despite this, Taib decided to set up a statutory body named 'HIKMA' (Hidrokarbon Malaysia), which would have total rights of oil found in the territorial waters of Sabah and Sarawak. However, Rahman Ya'kub protested his nephew decision and threatened the federal government to court if Sarawak were to left out of this oil deal.
(chairman of (PERNAS)) visited Rahman at the latter private residence. Tengku Razaleigh suggested the formation of a company instead of a statutory body where the former would distributes profits equally between the federal and the state governments. Rahman agreed with the suggestion. Tengku Razaleigh drafted the Petroleum Development Act together with his associates in secret, as instructed by Tun Razak, and to be completed before the. Rahman Ya'kub then telephoned Tengku Razaleigh to ask about the terms offered by the Malaysian federal government. Tengku Razaleigh then told Rahman regarding abolishment of the concession system.
Program Kesetiaan Petronas Indonesia
Meanwhile, 5% oil royalty will given to the respective oil producing states. Rahman agreed with the deal.In 1974, the Petroleum Development Act was tabled in parliament and approved. PETRONAS was incorporated on 17 August 1974 and Tengku Razaleigh became its inaugural chairman. Initially, Exxon and Shell refused to surrender their concessions and refused to negotiate with PETRONAS. PETRONAS then served a notice to all foreign oil companies that after 1 April 1975, all the foreign oil companies would be operating illegally in Malaysian waters if they do not start negotiations with PETRONAS. After a few rounds of negotiations, foreign oil companies finally surrendered their concessions to PETRONAS.
While all other oil producing states in Malaysia signed the petroleum agreement, the chief minister of, stubbornly refused to sign the oil agreement, complaining of the meagre 5% oil royalty. Mustapha requested for 10 to 20% oil royalty, otherwise he would threaten to pull Sabah out of Malaysia. Tengku Razaleigh refused to bulge in. The Malaysian federal government then make another deal with Datuk (who was out of favour with Tun Mustapha) to establish party and oust Tun Mustapha out of power. However, Harris was reluctant to become chief minister of Sabah and was asked to assume to chief minister post if BERJAYA were to come to power.
BERJAYA successfully ousted Tun Mustapha in 1976 Sabah state election. One week after the which killed the chief minister and other five state ministers, Harris signed the oil agreement. With Sabah entering the oil agreement, PETRONAS finally has total control of all oil and gas reserves in Malaysia.PETRONAS first embarked on the oil exploration and production activities with the formation of PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd in 1978. In 1980, PETRONAS expanded its downstream businesses by setting up ASEAN Fertiliser plant in. Battling oil depletion: the late 1980s. This section does not any. Unsourced material may be challenged.
( June 2017) Oil exploration was by no means at an end and could yet produce more reserves. The Seligi field, which came onstream at the end of 1988 and was developed by Esso Production Malaysia, was one of the richest oilfields so far found in Malaysia waters, and further concessions to the majors would encourage exploration of the deeper waters around Malaysia, where unknown reserves could be discovered. Meanwhile, computerised seismography made it both feasible and commercially justifiable to re-explore fields which had been abandoned, or were assumed to be unproductive, over the past century. In 1990, PETRONAS invited foreign companies to re-explore parts of the sea off Sabah and Sarawak on the basis of new surveys using up-to-date techniques.Another way to postpone depletion was to develop sources of oil, and of its substitute, natural gas, outside Malaysia. Late in 1989, the governments of and (Burma) invited PETRONAS Carigali to take part in joint ventures to explore for oil in their coastal waters. In 1990, a new unit, PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd, was created to take up a 15% interest in a field in Myanmar's waters being explored by Idemitsu Myanmar Oil Exploration Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of the Japanese firm, in a production sharing arrangement with.
Thus began PETRONAS' first oil exploration outside Malaysia. In May 1990, the governments of and settled a long-running dispute over their respective rights to an area of 7,300 square kilometres in the by setting up a joint administrative authority for the area and encouraging a joint oil exploration project by PETRONAS, the, and the US company. In a separate deal, in October 1990, the Petroleum Authority of Thailand arranged with PETRONAS to study the feasibility of transferring natural gas from this jointly administered area, through Malaysia to Thailand, by way of an extension of the pipelines laid for the third stage of the Peninsular Gas Utilisation Project.That project was on course to becoming a major element in the postponement of oil depletion. Contracts for line pipes for the second stage of the project were signed in 1989 with two consortia of Malaysian, Japanese, and Brazilian companies. This stage, completed in 1991, included the laying of 730 kilometres of pipeline through to the tip of the Peninsula, from where gas could be sold to Singapore and; the conversion of two power stations— and —from oil to gas; and the expansion of PETRONAS' output of (MTBE), and, which were already being produced in joint ventures with Petrochemical Co. Of Japan and of Finland. The third and final stage of the project was to lay pipelines along the northwest and northeast coastlines of the Peninsula and was completed in 1997.Another new venture in 1990 was in ship-owning, since PETRONAS' existing arrangements with and with Nigeria's state oil company would be inadequate to transport the additional exports of LNG due to start in 1994, under the contract with Saibu Gas.
PETRONAS did not lose sight of the government's commitment to Malaysian self-reliance, and the company's second refinery at, completed in 1994, with a capacity of 100,000 barrels per day (16,000 m 3/d), promoted the same policy. The fact that it was built in a joint venture with of Korea, the of, and of the United States did not negate the policy, for the subsidiary company PETRONAS Penapisan (Melaka) had a decisive 45% of equity while sharing the enormous costs of and gaining advanced technology for the project. More to the point, a side effect of the refinery's completion was that PETRONAS was able to refine all of the crude oil it produced, instead of being partially dependent on refining facilities in Singapore.PETRONAS, with its policies of promoting self-reliance, helping to develop associated industries, and varying the sources and uses of oil and gas, played an important role in the Malaysian economy as a whole. Under governments which—by current, if not historical, Western standards—were strongly interventionist, the contribution of oil taxes to the federal government's revenue hovered at around 12% to 16% until 1980, when it showed a marked increase to 23%, followed by another leap to 32% in 1981. From then until 1988 the proportion fluctuated between 29% and 36%. PETRONAS was not just another big oil company: it controlled a crucial sector of the economy and remained, for better or worse, an indispensable instrument of the state.Expanding globally: the 1990s and beyond.
A Petronas station seen in,.During the mid- to late 1990s, international exploration, development, and production remained key components in PETRONAS' strategy along with diversification. A key discovery was made in the Ruby field in Vietnam in 1994. That year, the firm also saw its first overseas production from the in Vietnam and established its first retail station outside of Malaysia in. In 1995, a subsidiary was created to import, store, and distribute (LPG). In addition, the company's plant in began operations.
PETRONAS marked a significant milestone during this time period—two of its subsidiaries, PETRONAS Dagangan Bhd and PETRONAS Gas Bhd, went public on the. Between 1993 and 1996, it purchased the former sub-Saharaian branch of Mobil Oil, rebranded as.In 1996, PETRONAS entered the aromatics market by way of a joint venture that created Aromatics Malaysia Sdn Bhd. It also formed a contract with and Overseas Petroleum Ltd. To begin exploration of block 02/31 of the Liaodong Bay area in China.
While the Asian economy as a whole suffered from an economic crisis during 1997 and 1998, Malaysia was quick to bounce back due to successful government reforms. From its new headquarters in the, the state-owned concern continued its development in the oil and gas industry. Soon India's Liberty Group purchased a 1% stake in PetronasDuring 1997, PETRONAS heightened its diversification efforts. The firm set plans in motion to build three petrochemical plants in as well as an facility in. Its first LPG joint venture in China was launched that year and the company acquired a 29.3% interest in Malaysia International Shipping Corporation Berhad (MISC).
In 1998, PETRONAS' tanker-related subsidiary merged with MISC, increasing PETRONAS' stake in MISC to 62%. That year, PETRONAS introduced the, the country's first commercial prototype engine. The company also signed a total of five new production sharing contracts (PSCs) in 1998 and 1999, and began oil production in the field in Iran.PETRONAS entered the new century determined to expand its international efforts. The company forged deals for two new exploration plots in Pakistan and began construction on the Chad-Cameroon Integrated Oil Development and Pipeline Project.
By 2002, PETRONAS had signed seven new PSCs and secured stakes in eight exploration blocks in eight countries, including, and Vietnam. The firm also made considerable progress in its petrochemicals strategy, opening new gas-based petrochemical facilities in Kerteh and Gebeng.By 2003, Malaysia was set to usurp as the world's second-largest producer of LNG with the completion of the Malaysia LNG Tiga Plant. Prime Minister commented on the achievement in a May 2003 News Agency article, claiming that 'the PETRONAS LNG complex now serves as another shining example of a vision realized of a national aspiration, transformed into reality by the same belief among Malaysians that 'we can do it.' ' Indeed, PETRONAS had transformed itself into a global oil company over the previous decade, becoming a national symbol for success. The company realised, however, that it would have to continue its aggressive growth strategy to insure its survival in the years to come.The PETRONAS overseas expansion drive continues with the acquisition of Woodside Energy Ltd assets for $418 million in 2007. The venture proved successful as they discovered oil in May 2008In 2004, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Datuk Mustapa Mohamed , stated that PETRONAS contributed RM 25 Billion to the country's treasury accounting for 25% of revenue collected via dividends and other revenues. PETRONAS continuously provides the Malaysian government dividends from its profits.
Since inception in 1974, PETRONAS have paid the government RM 403.3 billion, with RM 67.6 billion in 2008. The payment represents 44% of the 2008 federal government revenue.
PETRONAS continues to focus on international exploration projects as 40% of revenue in 2008 was derived from international projects such as,. The company's international reserves stood at 6.24 billion barrels oil equivalent in 2008. On 9 April, 2019, PETRONAS was praised for its role in the Sudanese oil and gas industry by Minister of Oil and Gas engineer Yagoub Adam Bashir Gamaa.On 29 October 2012, PETRONAS sources said it will renew a bid for gas producer after Canada blocked its bid earlier that month. The $6-billion bid was approved by Ottawa on 7 December 2012.On 17 January 2013, PETRONAS issued a statement that an onshore oil and gas discovery has been made in the state after drilling a test well about 20 kilometres away from the city of Miri in northern. The well was found to have a net hydrocarbon thickness of 349 meters. It had flow rates of 440 barrels of crude oil per day and 11.5 million standard cubic feet of gas per day.
Petronas Logo 1990–2013Petronas' logo was created in 1974 by Dato Johan Ariff of. He is also responsible in creating the Logo of many Petronas subsidiaries, JVs, link-companies and properties, including Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC), MISC, MMHE, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Putrajaya Holdings, Prince Court Medical Centre (PCMC), PETLIN, Malaysian Petroleum Club and Mesra Mall, to name a few.Logo concept The basic structure is geometric, embodying metaphoric and alpha glyphic nuances of an oil drop and a typography 'P', the latter being evident in the triangle assigned at the top right corner. The triangle is also an essential element to define directional movement and dynamic.
The placement of a solid circle in the Logo is interpretive if the wheel of the oil and gas industry while outline of the drop simulates a driving system, the energy which to be derived from oil.The corporate colour chosen for the logo is emerald green, an obvious reference to the sea from where oil and gas are drilled.Refreshed logo. This article's tone or style may not reflect the used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's for suggestions. ( May 2015) In 2013, Petronas introduced a refreshed version of its corporate logo at the 2013 Asia Oil and Gas Conference (AOGC 2013). A renewed 'look and feel' has been incorporated to the original Petronas' oil drop logo to reflect the visual expression of Petronas' Group Positioning, reimagining energy™.
The refreshed logo was part of a group-wide exercise to further strengthen the visual potential of Petronas' corporate icon by making it more contemporary while building on the existing equity and legacy of the Petronas brand.In essence, the refreshed logo symbolises the growth and progression of the Petronas brand. Petronas was established during the oil and gas crisis in the early 1970s. Over the years it has focused on building its business and operational capabilities and continues to seek more efficient and better methods of managing and adding value to Malaysia's oil and gas resources and meet increasing energy demands. This challenging spirit has propelled Petronas from being a manager of Malaysia's hydrocarbon resources to become a fully integrated oil and gas multinational. The organisation was among the earliest national oil companies (NOC) to venture globally which has inspired many other NOCs to join the global oil and gas arena, changing the dynamics of today's oil and gas industry. PETRONAS will continue to play an active role in oil and gas by focusing on collective efforts to do things differently by challenging industry norms to achieve real sustainable long-term growth. Throughout its journey, Petronas has ensured that people benefit from its activities through business and employment opportunities, education sponsorship and quality products and services.The refreshed version is Petronas' third generation logo.
The original Petronas logo was developed in 1974 when Petronas was first incorporated. The basic structure comprises an oil drop feature and symbol 'P” that conveys its core business in oil and gas, and dynamism of the company. At the centre of the oil drop is a solid circle that symbolises the complete cycle or value chain of the oil and gas industry.
Meanwhile, the familiar Petronas emerald green represents the seas and land where oil and gas originates. The refreshed logo's softer curves have been added to the oil drop which depicts a continuous flow that symbolises Petronas' drive for progress and challenging spirit in meeting the energy demands and expectations of its stakeholders. The Petronas name has been repositioned below the oil drop and the font has been sharpened to enhance visibility and give prominence to the oil drop in the logo.Subsidiaries PETRONAS has more than 100 subsidiaries and around 40 Joint Venture companies in which PETRONAS has at least 50% stake in the company. Although PETRONAS is considering to listing more of its subsidiaries, so far the company has listed at least 3 of its subsidiaries in the.PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad.
A Petronas petrol station at km 54, Karak-Kuala Lumpur HighwayInvolved in the distribution and sale of finished petroleum products and operations of service stations for the domestic market. The company has over 800 petrol stations around Malaysia as of July 2007 and further increase to 870 stations in January 2008The company has also teamed up with local food and beverage companies, banks and transportation companies to provide better services at their petrol stations.
Companies include, and.PETRONAS Gas Berhad Involved in the provision of gas processing and transmission services to PETRONAS and its customers as a throughput company. Owns and operates the which is 2,550 kilometres in length and runs from in Terengganu to in the South and in the North of Peninsular Malaysia.MISC Berhad. Main article:Involved in the development and the management of the Kuala Lumpur City Centre project which includes the,. Other properties under its care include which located near.PETRONAS Chemicals The PETRONAS Chemicals is the latest company to be publicly listed. The IPO was done on 26 November 2010 with investor rise around US$4.40 billion, effectively becoming one of the largest IPO exercises in South East Asia.The business is the largest petrochemical producer and seller in South East Asia. Products include, fertilisers, and other basic chemicals and derivative products. Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering.
Main article:MMHE was listing on 29 October 2010 with MYR 1 billion raised on its IPO exercise.The business builds offshore structures for oil and gas applications, help repair large vessels and converts vessels into and FSOs. Other principal subsidiaries Some of the key subsidiaries are:-. PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd – Main arm.
(EPOMS) – Main – Cendor Phase 2 FPSO project, Bertam, Sepat, Layang, Gumusut-Kakap. PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd – arm aimed at finding new blocks in international areas. PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd – Conducting research and development.
MITCO Sdn Bhd – International Trading of non-oil assets. – Creating fertiliser. – Methanol plantOthers include PETRONAS Assets Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Maritime Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Selenia (OEM Oil for, AREXONS); PETRONAS Trading Corp. Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Argentina S.A.; PETRONAS Australia Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS Thailand Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Energy Philippines Inc.; PETRONAS Cambodia Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Technical Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Group Technical Solutions Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS South Africa Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS India Holdings Company Pte Ltd.; PETRONAS China Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS International Corp.
Ltd.; PETRONAS Marketing Thailand Co. Ltd.; Myanmar PETRONAS Trading Co. Ltd.; and Indianoil PetronasMotorsport. Petronas supports the Formula One racing team since 2010.PETRONAS was one of the main of the team alongside, and it supplies and to the team. It also owned 40% of, the company that builds chassis which formerly used designed engines used by the Sauber team, until being bought out by German motor company. PETRONAS was also the main sponsor for, and co-sponsors the, and the inaugural.
PETRONAS was the exclusive premium partner of the (1995–2005) and (2006–2009). BMW had acquired the controlling stake of the former Sauber Petronas Engineering, but left the sport after the 2009 season. On 21 December 2009, PETRONAS was confirmed as moving from BMW Sauber to the newly formed team.In terms of further Formula One involvement, every year PETRONAS took the BMW Sauber team to various parts of Malaysia for F1 demos so the public who are unable to go to the track itself get to experience a little bit of what F1 offers. Other promotional events are held in the run up to the race and the drivers play an integral part in this so much so that conceded that there were more fans for BMW Sauber in Malaysia than in most other countries.As part of its corporate social responsibility programme, PETRONAS also brings underprivileged children to watch the race.PETRONAS also sponsors the races.
It also sponsors many other sporting events and teams, mostly motorsports. Some of these sponsorships includes the PERT (Petronas EON Rally Team), the now defunct Foggy Petronas Superbike team (in which PETRONAS debuts their own superbike, the ), and also the Petronas Adventure Team, a 4X4 adventure team. More recently Petronas was also a major sponsor for which was participating in series, which they won the team title in and driver title in. The series also raced in Malaysia every season at between.
PETRONAS signed a three-year sponsorship agreement with team. The PETRONAS branding can be seen starting on the 10 to 12 April 2009. Petronas also sponsors all cars from the 2011 season until Mercedes' DTM exit in (replacing ) for only providing the lubricants.Since 2010, PETRONAS is also the main sponsor of the team. Have won 5 straight F1 Drivers' and Constructors' Championship titles from the beginning of the 1.6 litre (97.6 cu in) turbocharged V6 engine era in to.Since, PETRONAS are the main sponsor of the new, which became the satellite team for in MotoGP following 's switch to bikes after 20 years with Yamaha bikes. Their riders are and 2017 Moto2 World Champion.Education.PETRONAS awards education sponsorships in the form of convertible loans to Malaysian and international students to further their studies at local or foreign universities. The PETRONAS unit that is responsible for handling education matters is called the Sponsorship & Talent Sourcing Unit (STS). These sponsorships are awarded based on academic results, co-curricular activities, family background as well as an assessment of student personality (which is conducted throughout a program called EduCamp, which all prospective PETRONAS students are required to undergo).
Students who are absorbed by PETRONAS at the end of their tertiary studies have their convertible loans converted into full scholarships. These students are under contract agreement to work for the company for two years for every one year they are sponsored. PETRONAS has its own research university, (UTP). Built in 1997, the campus is located in,. Petro Global News. Retrieved 18 February 2015. ^.
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Tengku Razaleigh visited Datuk Rahman. I suggested the formation of a company, not a statutory corporation, which would distribute profits equally between the Federal government and Sarawak in the form of cash payments.
He accepted the proposal and I rushed back to Tun Razak with the news. The proceeds would accrue to PETRONAS, but 5 percent of the oil revenue thereafter would go to the state, and a similar amount to the Federal government. Rahman agreed (page 123). Daily Express. 26 September 2012. Archived from on 28 October 2012.
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